Authoring XML Documents with XHTML and MATHML Support

Since the late 1970s, a large number of scientific documents have been authored in TeX or its derivations such as LaTeX. These typesetting systems allow anybody to write highquality books and articles. But the TeX syntax is not compatible with HTML or XML. So the WWW consortium\u27s answer is MathML. The primary goal of MathML is to enable mathematical documents to be communicated, exchanged, and processed on the Web. Therefore, MathML documents are usually embedded with XHTML documents. Currently, there are several XHTML+MathML editors. The most popular editors use two common approaches. The first approach offers a WhatYouSeeIsWhatYouGet (WYSIWYG) interface. But experts often find it is difficult to have precise control. For example, font attribute is determined by the direction of the mouse movement during the event of insertion. The second approach uses a textbased form. The entire document is presented as a treelike structure. The treelike structure is unintuitive and extremely inefficient to comprehend, particularly for twodimensional structures such as tables or equations. Here, I present a WhatYouSeeIsWhatYouNeed (WYSIWYN) editing interface that satisfies the needs of experts who have knowledge of XHML+MathML. The WYSIWYN interface is presented in a form that simultaneously makes editing operations unambiguous and that looks recognizable. It avoids unexpected errors by showing enough structure, but still maintain enough visual presentation to avoid confusion. This report presents a test bench, an XHTML+MathML editor with a new navigation model that demonstrates the WYSIWYN user interface. Similar to a WYSIWYG editor, XHTML+MathML documents can be visualized during editing, and users can check the current XPath position by viewing the status bar. In contrast to the WYSIWYG editor, the new approach offers users the ability to view local structure of the current element with a selected style. In this way, users can magnify any ambiguous positions and still be able to visualize mathematical documents. In addition, the test bench offers multiple WYSIWYN modes with different levels of magnification

A weighted network model based on the correlation degree between nodes

Many complex networks in practice can be described by weighted network models, and the BBV model is one of the most classical ones. In this paper, by introducing the concept of correlation degree between nodes, a new weighted network model based on the BBV model is proposed. The model takes the both node strength and node correlation into consideration during the network evolution, which better reveals the evolving mechanisms behind various real-world networks. Results from theoretical analysis and numerical simulation have demonstrated the scale-free property and small-world property of the network model, which have been widely observed in many real-world networks. Compared with the BBV model, the added correlation preferential attachment rule in the model leads to a faster network propagation velocity.Location : Shenzhen, ChinaDate : 16-18 December 201

Dual functions of the ZmCCT-associated quantitative trait locus in flowering and stress responses under long-day conditions

Gene ontology enrichment of differentially expressed genes in HZ4 and HZ4-NIL in three development stages. (XLS 21 kb

In utero Exposure to Atrazine Disrupts Rat Fetal Testis Development

Atrazine (ATR) is a commonly used agricultural herbicide and a potential endocrine disruptor that may cause testicular dysgenesis. The objective of the present study was to investigate the effects of atrazine on fetal testis development after in utero exposure. Female Sprague-Dawley rats were gavaged daily with vehicle (corn oil, control) or atrazine (25, 50, and 100 mg/kg body weight/day) from gestational day 12 to 21. Atrazine dose-dependently decreased serum testosterone levels of male pups, with a significant difference from the control recorded at a dose of 100 mg/kg. In addition, atrazine significantly increased fetal Leydig cell aggregation at a dose of 100 mg/kg. Atrazine increased fetal Leydig cell number but not Sertoli cell number. However, atrazine down-regulated Scarb1 and Cyp17a1 in the fetal Leydig cell per se and Hsd17b3 and Dhh in the Sertoli cell per se. These results demonstrated that in utero exposure to atrazine disrupted rat fetal testis development

Numerical simulation of hydrodynamic performance of ship under oblique conditions

[Objectives] This paper is intended to study the viscous flow field around a ship under oblique conditions and provide a research basis for ship maneuverability. [Methods] Using commercial software STRA-CCM+, the SST k-ω turbulence model is selected to predict the hydrodynamic performance of the KVLCC2 model at different drift angles, and predict the hull flow field. The pressure distribution of the ship model at different drift angles is observed and the vortex shedding of the ship's hull and constraint streamlines on the hull's surface are also observed. [Results] The results show that numerical simulation can satisfy the demands of engineering application in the prediction of the lateral force, yaw moment and hull surface pressure distribution of a ship. [Conclusions] The research results of this paper can provide valuable references for the study of the flow separation phenomenon under oblique conditions

Alternative splicing of ZmCCA1 mediates drought response in tropical maize.

The circadian clock regulates numerous biological processes in plants, especially development and stress responses. CIRCADIAN CLOCK-ASSOCIATED 1 (CCA1) is one of the core components of the day-night rhythm response and is reportedly associated with ambient temperature in Arabidopsis thaliana. However, it remains unknown if alternative splicing of ZmCCA1 is modulated by external stress in maize, such as drought stress and photoperiod. Here, we identified three ZmCCA1 splice variants in the tropical maize line CML288, which are predicted to encode three different protein isoforms, i.e., ZmCCA1.1, ZmCCA1.2, and ZmCCA1.3, which all retain the MYB domain. In maize, the expression levels of ZmCCA1 splice variants were influenced by photoperiod, tissue type, and drought stress. In transgenic A. thaliana, ZmCCA1.1 may be more effective than ZmCCA1.3 in increasing drought tolerance while ZmCCA1.2 may have only a small effect on tolerance to drought stress. Additionally, although CCA1 genes have been found in many plant species, alternative CCA1 splicing events are known to occur in species-specific ways. Our study provides new sight to explore the function of ZmCCA1 splice variants' response to abiotic stress, and clarify the linkage between circadian clock and environmental stress in maize

Assembly of Multifunctional Ni₂P/NiS_0.66 Heterostructures and Their Superstructure for High Lithium and Sodium Anodic Performance

The combination of structure designs at the microscopic and macroscopic level can efficiently enable electrode materials with greatly enhanced lithium and sodium storage. In this paper, the construction of Ni₂P/NiS_0.66 heterostructures and their assembly into a superstructure at the nanoscale were successfully achieved by a facile and effective strategy. In the obtained superstructure, the Ni₂P/NiS_0.66 heterostructures are homogeneously coated with ultrathin carbon layers (HT-NPS@C) and, at the same time, assembled into a yolk–shell nanosphere. Upon evaluation as the anode materials for Li-ion batteries, the HT-NPS@C delivers a high reversible capacity of 430 mA h g^–1 after 200 cycles at 200 mA g^–1 and ultrastable cyclability with negligible capacity loss over 500 cycles. Furthermore, the coin-type full cell with the LiNi_1/3Co_1/3Mn_1/3O₂ (LNCMO) cathode and HT-NPS@C anode deliver a high specific capacity of 323.5 mA h g^–1 after 50 cycles at 0.3 A g^–1. Apart from an excellent performance as promising anode materials for LIBs (Li-ion batteries), the Na-ion batteries with HT-NPS@C sphere electrodes also manifest a remarkable electrochemical performance